VAT Calculator UK
Calculate UK Value Added Tax quickly and easily. Add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price using the standard rate of 20% or reduced rate of 5%.
Free VAT calculator -- all calculations performed entirely in your browser.
Calculate VAT
Enter the net amount excluding VAT
VAT Quick Reference
| Net amount | VAT at 20% | Gross at 20% | VAT at 5% | Gross at 5% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| £10.00 | £2.00 | £12.00 | £0.50 | £10.50 |
| £50.00 | £10.00 | £60.00 | £2.50 | £52.50 |
| £100.00 | £20.00 | £120.00 | £5.00 | £105.00 |
| £250.00 | £50.00 | £300.00 | £12.50 | £262.50 |
| £500.00 | £100.00 | £600.00 | £25.00 | £525.00 |
| £1,000.00 | £200.00 | £1,200.00 | £50.00 | £1,050.00 |
How to Use the VAT Calculator
Choose direction
Select whether you want to add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price (reverse VAT calculation).
Enter amount and VAT rate
Enter the amount in pounds and choose the VAT rate: 20% (standard), 5% (reduced for energy, child car seats, etc.), or 0% (zero-rated for food, books, etc.).
View the results
See the net amount, VAT amount, and gross amount instantly. The full calculation breakdown is shown for transparency.
How VAT Is Calculated
Gross = Net × (1 + VAT Rate / 100)Value Added Tax (VAT) in the United Kingdom is governed by the Value Added Tax Act 1994 and administered by HMRC. The calculation uses two core formulae:
Add VAT: Gross = Net × (1 + Rate/100)Example at 20%: 100 × 1.20 = 120
Remove VAT: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + Rate/100)Example at 20%: 120 ÷ 1.20 = 100
VAT Amount = Gross - NetThe VAT portion is the difference between gross and net amounts
UK VAT rates:
- Standard rate 20%: Applies to most goods and services in the UK
- Reduced rate 5%: Applies to domestic fuel and power, children's car seats, smoking cessation products, and certain renovation work
- Zero rate 0%: Applies to most food, children's clothing, books and newspapers, public transport, and new-build residential property
All calculations are performed entirely in your browser. No data is sent to any server.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is VAT?
VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax levied on goods and services in the United Kingdom. The standard rate is 20%, with a reduced rate of 5% for certain items such as domestic energy and children's car seats. Some goods and services are zero-rated (0%), including most food, children's clothing, and books. VAT is charged at each stage of the supply chain and is ultimately borne by the end consumer.
How do I add VAT to a price?
To add VAT to a net price, multiply the net amount by the VAT rate (e.g. 20% = 0.20) to get the VAT amount, then add it to the net price. For example: a net price of 100 plus 20% VAT gives 100 x 1.20 = 120 gross, with 20 VAT.
How do I remove VAT from a price?
To remove VAT from a gross (VAT-inclusive) price, divide the gross amount by (1 + VAT rate). At 20%, divide by 1.20. For example: 120 gross / 1.20 = 100 net, with 20 VAT. This is sometimes called a "reverse VAT calculation".
What is the reduced VAT rate of 5% for?
The 5% reduced rate applies to certain goods and services including domestic fuel and power (gas and electricity), installation of energy-saving materials, children's car seats, smoking cessation products, and some renovation and conversion work on residential properties. The full list is maintained by HMRC.
What goods are zero-rated for VAT?
Zero-rated goods (0% VAT) include most food and drink (but not meals in restaurants, hot takeaways, or confectionery), children's clothing and footwear, books and newspapers, public transport, and new-build residential properties. Businesses selling zero-rated goods can still reclaim input VAT.
Is my data secure when using this calculator?
Yes. All calculations are performed entirely in your browser. No data is sent to any server, stored, or transmitted. You can use the calculator offline after the page has loaded.
Disclaimer
This VAT calculator uses current UK VAT rates (20% standard and 5% reduced). For complex VAT scenarios (such as partial exemption, margin schemes, or the flat rate scheme), please consult a qualified accountant or refer to HMRC guidance. All calculations are performed locally in your browser -- no data is sent to any server.